There's no cold like a cold. Spring allergies can make life miserable

What is allergy and how does it arise?

Allergy is simply put, an inadequate behaviour of the immune system. It is supposed to protect us from viruses, bacteria and harmful substances, so when it assesses that our organism is in danger, it triggers a defensive reaction. However, due to a malfunction, it can react in the same way to seemingly harmless stimuli from the environment. They are called allergens.
In March and April, the most common allergens are the pollens released into the air by flowering shrubs and trees. And what tree species specifically cause spring allergies? Birch, alder, willow, hazel or oak. In more sensitive individuals, spring allergies can “stretch” into autumn. In May, the grass and cereal season begins. For example, meadow buckthorn, perennial ryegrass, ryegrass, rye or wheat bloom at this time, so even a simple walk in a field or meadow can have fatal consequences for allergy sufferers. Even with the end of summer, patients may not be relieved. Some weeds such as lebeda, ragweed and nettles also produce pollen in autumn.

Symptoms of pollen allergy

Pollen allergy is manifested by a cold that comes on suddenly, occurs mainly on contact with the allergen and is not accompanied by fever or sore throat. Watery nasal discharge and frequent sneezing are typical. This is usually accompanied by itching, burning and watery eyes, and patients may experience increased shortness of breath and fatigue, and possibly a rash.
Some people are born with allergies, some develop them later in life. Seasonal therapy is usually sufficient; nasal sprays and eye drops, antihistamines, corticosteroids, decongestants are usually used to relieve symptoms.  For more severe forms of allergies, an examination by a specialist is in order, and sometimes specific allergen therapy is indicated.

Minimising contact with allergens

In addition to the recommended medication, minimising contact with allergens is one of the foundations of successful treatment. This means limiting outdoor exposure at the time of highest pollen concentration, which is usually in the morning and evening, wearing sunglasses, changing and washing clothes after returning from outside, regular ventilation, ideally after rain, when the pollen concentration in the air is lower, and a home air purifier can be an important help.

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